Auto Manual of VW Passat B5

1.3. Engine oil

THE GENERAL DATA

Viscosity of engine oils


Viscosity and specifications

On manufacturer in the engine special all-weather quality oil which is suitable, except for especially cold climatic zones, for operation at all times year is filled in.

At доливке oils in the engine also it is possible to add oil of one specification in oil of other specification. The class of viscosity of oil should be chosen according to the data on fig. Viscosity of engine oils. If air temperature only quickly leaves for the limiting values of temperature resulted here, it is not necessary to replace oil.

Petrol engines

And – all-weather oils with the raised antifrictional properties, specification VW 500 00.

In – all-weather oils, specification VW 501 01;
    – All-weather oils, specifications API-SF or SG.

Diesel engines

And – all-weather oils with the raised antifrictional properties, specification VW 500 00 (for diesel engines with a turbo-supercharging only in a mix with specification VW 505 00).

In – all-weather oils, specification VW 505 00 (it is unlimited for all diesel engines);
    – All-weather oils, API-CD specification (for diesel engines with a turbo-supercharging only in a special emergency for доливки);
    – All-weather oils, specification VW 501 01 (for diesel engines with a turbo-supercharging only in a mix with specification VW 505 00).

Qualities of engine oils

All-weather oils under standards VW 501 01 and 505 00 are rather inexpensive oils with following qualities:

– All-the-year-round use in temperate climate zones;
– Excellent washing properties;
– Good greasing ability at all temperatures and engine loadings;
– High stability первоначальныхсвойств for a long time.

All-weather oils with the improved antifrictional qualities under standard VW 500 00 have, except that, additional advantages:

– All-the-year-round use almost at all possible temperatures of external air;
– Small losses of capacity of the engine on a friction;
– Simplification of cold start-up of the engine – as well at very low temperatures.

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The prevention

Seasonal oils owing to inherent in them specific вязкостно - temperature properties usually cannot be used all year long. Therefore these oils should be applied only in extreme climatic zones.

At use of all-weather oils of class SAE 5W-30, it is necessary to avoid long work of the engine with high frequency of rotation and constant big loading on the engine. These restrictions are not valid for all-weather oils with the improved antifrictional qualities.

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Additives to engine oils

It is not necessary to add any additives reducing losses on a friction, to engine oils.

Oil mixing

This and questions similar to it interest many motorists. The answer to the first – unfortunately, no even if it is oils of firms "with a world name" (Shell, Mobil, British Petroleum). Each firm makes commodity oils, adding to an oil basis the whole complex of the additives which chemical compound keeps in the big secret. Therefore, many the qualitative oils of identical appointment made under requirements concerning ekpluatatsionno-technical properties of international classification API and European specification SSMS-ASEA, but on technologies of various firms, at mixing are capable to create mixes of poor quality owing to interaction and взаимоуничтожения additives, that is "incompatibility" of additives. Oils of different firms взаимозаме няемы, about possibility of use of such oils often specify моторострои тели. But it does not mean that they can be mixed. Classification API and specification АСЕА assume obligatory identical test methods (laboratory, bench – motor etc.) oils of different firms. At desire (or necessities) моторостроители can enter additional tests (or more severe constraints) to these classifications.

The same concerns mixing of mineral or synthetic oils (sometimes – even one firm). Oils synthetic can have structure of hydrocarbonic character (in such cases of oil of one firm it is possible to mix, on what the firm the manufacturer of oil and makes recommendations for what it bears responsibility), other chemical compound. Unfortunately, cases when at mixing of oils their quality worsens are frequent. As a result of it can "begin to knock" the engine as the mix of incompatible oils turns to "jelly".

Even more negative answer to a question on possibility of mixing of import and domestic oils, especially what are made with the additive of "domestic" additives. Neither the seller, nor the consumer do not know structure of additives which are in oils. Some oils of "a domestic origin" are made by the "firms" which do not have even elementary knowledge on mineral oil. Sometimes such "experts" use the fulfilled oils (even without appropriate regeneration) to manufacture of "commodity". Thus and соответсвующее quality. Therefore concerning possibility of mixing of oils it is necessary to give councils very cautiously!

No "cleaners" ("Tokron", etc.) are capable to raise октановое gasoline number. For this purpose use special additives – antidetonators which add in the course of gasoline manufacturing at petrofactories, or additives. The detonation reason (metal knock in an engine operating time is audible) and калильного ignitions (the engine continues to work at the switched off ignition) can be deposits in the combustion chamber.

Compression increase in system "at introduction of some additives" occurs not for the account вязкостных additives as they do not incorporate them, and for other reasons.

To reduce oil charcoal fumes in the old engine and to raise a compression in cylinders at the expense of use высоковязкостных oils it is inexpedient, as it will lead at first to really increase of a compression in cylinders, but for a short while. Further engine repair will cost dearer.

The reason of "acoustic noise" in the old engine is its deterioration. Therefore, repair with the subsequent use more cheaply will manage is high-quality го oils. It is possible to "reduce" backlashes additives, but it is necessary to understand expediency of it not to do much harm to the engine.

Shortly apropos "ship oils" and possibility of their use in "automobile diesel engines". There are different oils. Special ship oils for diesel engines concern group E, for example, М-16Е30, М-16Е60, М-20Е60, intended for малооборотных the diesel engines working on высокосерном высоковязкостном fuel – black oil. These oils have tehniko-operational properties (quality indicators), qualities of oils of automobile diesel engines different from indicators, therefore their use in automobile diesel engines it is impossible. There are ship oils of group D, for example, М-10ДЦЛ20, М-14ДЦЛ20, М-14ДЦЛ30 which are used in the diesel engines working on высокосерном fuel. Oils waterproof, but have the raised alkaline number and high зольность. For automobile diesel engines it is the raised deterioration of the engine which can not pay off in due course free oil. Oil М-16ДР for ship diesel engines which work on дистиллятном fuel – diesel fuel with the raised viscosity compared with viscosity auto го and the maintenance of sulphur to 0,5 %, can be used in automobile diesel engines in the summer (for heavy cargo, instead of cars).

It is necessary to take for a rule: to use high-quality oil of one mark corresponding to the engine (on classification) and not to risk to mix it with same synthetic (or semisynthetic) oil. The engine will thank for it reliable work. Do not buy oil privately as packing is easy for forging.